Author: Brenon Daly

Co-founders set Workday IPO as ‘PeopleSoft 2.0’

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly

Despite the initially abrupt and ultimately acrimonious end of PeopleSoft in the mid-2000s, many of the executives are back with another run at the public market. Workday put in its IPO paperwork late Thursday in what’s shaping up to be the most anticipated post-Facebook offering.

As a sign of that anticipation, Workday plans to raise $400m, nearly twice the amount of most ‘big’ tech IPOs and about four times more than the typical tech offering. To move all that paper, the human capital management (HCM) startup has enlisted no fewer than nine underwriters, led by Morgan Stanley and Goldman Sachs & Co.

Workday was founded in 2005 by Dave Duffield and Aneel Bhusri after Oracle pushed through its contentious $10.5bn deal for the first-generation ERP vendor. Perhaps conscious of how ‘their’ company got rolled into Oracle against their wishes, Workday’s two cofounders have concentrated ownership in their hands (collectively owning almost three-quarters of the company) and created two classes of stock. The structure effectively gives Duffield and Bhusri absolute control of all matters that go to a shareholder vote.

The rivalry with Oracle – and to a degree, SAP as well – also carries over into how Workday does its business. During pre-roadshow presentations, Workday executives noted that they typically pitched their on-demand product when enterprises were considering an upgrade of their current license-based ERP or HCM offering, such as Oracle’s PeopleSoft product. Workday has 325 enterprise customers.

So far, that approach has paid off in stunning growth for the company. It doubled revenue to $134m in the year ended January 31, and has more than doubled revenue in the two quarters since then: Workday recorded $120m, up from $55m in the year-earlier period. (It also has a mountain of nearly $250m in deferred revenue that it has piled up from its contracts that range from three to five years.)

The revenue growth so far in 2012 puts Workday loosely on track for revenue of about $250m. For comparison, that would make the fast-growing ‘redo’ about one-tenth the size of PeopleSoft when it was erased from the market.

For more real-time information on tech M&A, follow us on Twitter @MAKnowledgebase.

LifeLock plans life as public company

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly

Despite consumer technology names falling largely out of favor on Wall Street, LifeLock has announced plans for a $175m IPO. The identity theft prevention vendor, which has 2.3 million customers, ran at basically breakeven on sales of $125m in the first half of 2012. The offering is being led by Goldman Sachs & Co, which owns 11% of LifeLock, along with Bank of America Merrill Lynch and Deutsche Bank Securities.

LifeLock’s filing comes as other consumer-focused technology IPOs have had a rough go of it. That’s true across a number of markets, from social networking (Facebook) to gaming (Zynga) to online backup (Carbonite has been nearly cut in half during its first year on the public market) to information security (AVAST Software pulled its IPO paperwork last month). Fairly or not, LifeLock – a company that spends about half its revenue on sales and marketing – will have to work its way through that bearish sentiment in the market.

Still, the company has been steadily increasing its subscriber base (at about a 20% rate) as well as bumping up its average revenue per subscriber (currently $9 per month). That has helped LifeLock get to a point where it generated $21m of free cash flow in the first half of 2012, which is only slightly less than it generated in all of last year. Also, we recently noted that LifeLock used some of that cash to take its first step into the enterprise market, acquiring ID Analytics. Although that business is still less than 10% of total revenue, it’s a welcome hedge for LifeLock, both in terms of technology and end markets.

For more real-time information on tech M&A, follow us on Twitter @MAKnowledgebase.

HCM: When the buyers get bought

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly

One of the knock-on effects of IBM’s purchase of Kenexa is that a whole swath of capable buyers in the densely populated human capital management (HCM) market has now been erased. We noted that Big Blue’s reach for the HCM vendor followed similar acquisitions by SAP and Oracle over the past nine months, pushing the collective value of the three deals to nearly $7bn.

The acquisitions of Kenexa, SuccessFactors and Taleo effectively take them out of the M&A market. Certainly, they won’t be nearly as active as they had been. Over the past six years, the trio had announced more than 20 transactions with an aggregate deal value of over $1bn. On average, the companies tended to buy about a company each year, adding technology in markets adjacent to core HR functions such as learning management, workplace collaboration and compensation. (For its part, Kenexa has been the most-active acquirer of the three HCM players in recent years.)

In addition to having demonstrated the institutional appetite for acquisitions, the three companies also had the money to do them. Collectively, Kenexa, Taleo and SuccessFactors held more than $400m in their treasuries at the time of their takeout.

And while the remaining publicly traded HCM providers may, likewise, have plenty of cash to go shopping, not one of them has been anywhere near as active as their three rivals that have been snapped up. In fact, if we look at the M&A activity of the next three HCM midcap vendors we see that they have spent, collectively, less than $100m – or less than one-tenth the amount spent by the trio of now-acquired HCM firms.

Saba Software has done just one deal this year, after being out of the market entirely since 2005. Cornerstone OnDemand has only announced a single transaction (a $14m acquisition earlier this year) and Ultimate Software hasn’t printed anything since a $6m purchase in 2006. And a company executive recently indicated at the Canaccord Genuity tech conference that Ultimate didn’t expect to do any deals – certainly nothing sizeable – in the coming months.

For more real-time information on tech M&A, follow us on Twitter @MAKnowledgebase.

Another market, another wave of multibillion-dollar M&A

Brenon Daly

by Brenon Daly

A half-decade ago, tech giants SAP, Oracle and IBM went on a $15bn shopping spree that essentially consolidated the upper end of the business intelligence (BI) market. Now, the trio has done the same thing in another slice of the application software space, human capital management (HCM). On Monday, Big Blue joined the other two vendors with a billion-dollar HCM purchase of its own, paying $1.3bn for Kenexa.

Formerly a company that didn’t acquire application software providers, IBM nonetheless is set to hand over $46 for each share of Kenexa. (IBM valued the transaction at $1.3bn on a ‘net’ basis, which would exclude the roughly $50m in net cash that Kenexa held.) With its HCM acquisition, IBM follows SAP’s $3.6bn purchase of SuccessFactors last December and Oracle’s $2bn reach for Taleo last February.

IBM’s acquisition brings the trio’s total HCM spending on the deals to about $6.9bn – less than half the amount the three vendors paid in the consolidation of the BI market. However, the valuations paid for the flurry of HCM transactions have been significantly richer, ranging from 4-11.7 times trailing sales. For comparison, the BI deals went off at range of 3.7-5x trailing sales. Interestingly, in each of the consolidation waves, the last of the three transactions in the sectors garnered the lowest multiple: Kenexa at 4x sales and Hyperion Solutions at 3.7x sales.

For more real-time information on tech M&A, follow us on Twitter @MAKnowledgebase.

VMware’s aggressive M&A of disruptive technologies

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly

One of the highest compliments that can be paid to any technology company is to call it ‘disruptive.’ And by both organic and inorganic means, VMware has certainly earned that accolade. That’s on top of the more than $40bn of market value that it has also earned.

Starting with its homegrown server virtualization (a radically disruptive technology to the server industry), VMware has steadily expanded into other markets through M&A. Along the way, we’ve seen that at the root of disruption is conflict, with VMware’s acquisitions putting it on a collision course with vendors of various sizes in various markets.

For instance, VMware has taken some shots at Microsoft through purchases such as Zimbra and SlideRocket, which take aim at Microsoft cash cows Exchange and PowerPoint, respectively. More recently, VMware dropped $1.26bn on Nicira, a deal that could threaten Cisco Systems and other networking providers because Nicira’s technology effectively virtualizes networks.

And earlier this week, VMware bolstered its log management/analytics business by picking up Log Insight. The acquisition is a bit of an elbow jab at Splunk, which has collected a sky-high market capitalization of nearly $3bn as the market leader in log management/analytics. Of course, it’s important to keep these tussles in perspective – Splunk is still a Gold Sponsor at VMworld later this month.

For more real-time information on tech M&A, follow us on Twitter @MAKnowledgebase.

Vista Equity rolls up the rollups

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly

Just a half-year after Vista Equity Partners dropped a quarter-billion dollars on bankrupt enterprise software vendor CDC Software, the buyout shop has significantly bulked up the platform with the addition of Consona. The combined entity, which is the collection of more than 30 separate acquisitions by the two companies over the years, also got a name change. It now does business as Aptean.

With the double-barreled deals, Vista Equity now has a fairly sizable ERP and CRM business. CDC was generating about $220m in sales when Vista Equity picked it up earlier this year. The addition of Consona will push Aptean’s top line to nearly $350m, according to our understanding. (Terms of the transaction weren’t officially released.)

Perhaps more important to Vista Equity, however, is the fact that Consona probably throws off as much – if not more – cash than the much larger CDC. Our understanding is that Consona ran at an EBITDA margin in the 30% range, meaning it generates about $40m of cash flow each year. And that level is almost certain to go up when Vista Equity consolidates some of the duplicate operations of CDC and Consona.

For more real-time information on tech M&A, follow us on Twitter @MAKnowledgebase.

A modest recovery in the tech M&A market

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly

Spending on tech M&A in July rose about 50% from July 2011, only the second month so far this year where the value of deals around the globe increased from the previous year. In fact, the $20.6bn we tallied last month stands as the busiest July in a half-decade, only slightly trailing the $21.7bn recorded in July 2007.

The boost last month came from the top end of the market, where we saw five transactions valued at more than $1bn. That compares to an average of about three 10-digit deals each month in the first half of 2012.

More broadly, last month saw a number of significant acquisitions, including Dell’s $2.6bn purchase of Quest Software (the company’s second-largest deal); VMware’s high-risk move into networking with the $1.2bn acquisition of pre-revenue startup Nicira Networks; Ingram Micro’s largest-ever transaction, bolstering its mobile offering through the $650m pickup of BrightPoint; and Apple’s first reach for a fellow publicly traded company, AuthenTec.

Of course, even with the acceleration in July, year-to-date spending on deals is still running roughly one-quarter lower than where it was last year. Assuming that level continues through the remainder of the year, 2012 would come in with the lowest total deal value since the recession year of 2009. That would snap the streak of two consecutive years of recovery in the tech M&A market.

2012 monthly activity

Month Deal volume Deal value % change in spending vs. same month, 2011
January 340 $4.1bn Down 65%
February 266 $10.4bn Up 16%
March 292 $16.8bn Down 30%
April 277 $14.1bn Down 47%
May 310 $15.6bn Down 47%
June 291 $13.3bn Down 20%
July 326 $20.5bn Up 49%

Source: The 451 M&A KnowledgeBase

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InronPlanet throws its IPO paperwork on the scrap heap

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly

The road to the public market is turning into a dead end for an increasing number of companies. IronPlanet has pulled its IPO paperwork, just days after AVAST Software also scrapped its planned offering. The two companies operate in wildly different markets, with IronPlanet serving as an online marketplace for industrial machinery and AVAST selling security software to consumers. While both cited ‘market conditions’ as the reason for their withdrawals, it’s a bit of a stretch to see it applied to both.

In the case of AVAST, the company almost certainly could have gotten public, if it were willing to take a bit of a discount on its pricing. (AVAST, which was growing at about 40% annually and richly profitable, was nonetheless dinged by concerns over its focus on the consumer, rather than enterprise, market as well as a less-than-robust IPO by fellow European security software provider AVG Technologies.) But rather than cut its value to convince investors to buy into the offering, AVAST will stay private until ‘market conditions’ change.

On the other hand, IronPlanet won’t make it to the Nasdaq anytime soon. Although the company filed its prospectus in March 2010, it hadn’t updated its financials in more than a year. And the numbers it revealed then would have gotten it roughed up on Wall Street. In 2010 (the latest full-year results available), IronPlanet grew just 7%, down from 56% in 2009. (The paltry growth rate continued in the first half of 2011, too.) Meanwhile, IronPlanet has swung to a loss after posting black numbers in the past. That’s clearly not the profile of a company that will appeal to investors, particularly ones that have been burned on their investments in recent IPOs that have posted slowing growth and declining margins.

For more real-time information on tech M&A, follow us on Twitter @MAKnowledgebase.

Eloqua hits right message at right time

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly

The key to marketing is the right message at the right time. And in that regard, marketing automation vendor Eloqua hit both points squarely as it came public on Thursday. The company priced its shares at the high end of its expected range ($11.50 each) and then registered a mid-teen percentage gain in the aftermarket. The IPO created some $420m in market value.

Eloqua’s pitch is fairly simple: Its subscription-based platform makes the sales process for its roughly 1,100 customers more efficient. As corporate budgets continue to flow to marketing, Eloqua has actually been able to accelerate its growth rate as its revenue has increased.

The company was putting up revenue growth in the 30% range in late 2010, but has bumped that up to the 40% range over the past year. (It finished 2011 with sales of $71m, putting it on track for about $100m in sales this year. Assuming it does hit that level, it would represent a doubling of revenue since 2010.)

Wall Street, of course, pays for growth, so Eloqua is delivering the right message on the top line. Further, the revenue is coming in a relatively predictable manner: Eloqua sells only through subscriptions, which is a lot smoother than the traditional big-or-bust license model. Subscriptions account for roughly 90% of total revenue at Eloqua, with another coming 10% from professional services.

The timing of the offering, which has been on file for almost a year, also fits fairly well in the broader market right now. While consumer Internet offerings continue to get roughed up, investors have been supportive of enterprise-focused companies. Eloqua sells primarily to the B2B market, with enterprise customers accounting for about 60% of total revenue, and the remaining 40% coming from SMB customers. Add all that together, and it’s a solid start for Eloqua in its debut.

For more real-time information on tech M&A, follow us on Twitter @MAKnowledgebase.

Oracle adds network virtualization with Xsigo

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly, John Abbott

A week after VMware made its network virtualization play with the blockbuster purchase of Nicira Networks, Oracle has expanded its own virtualization portfolio by reaching for I/O virtualization startup Xsigo Systems. Although both startups loosely fall into the category of ‘software defined networks’ (SDNs), Xsigo itself used that description only sparingly to talk about its business. And if we look deeper at the two deals by the serial acquirers, we see they’re actually quite different.

For starters, the targets were at very different stages of commercial deployment. Nicira only had a handful of customers, and we understand that it still measured its revenue in the single digits of millions of dollars. In contrast, Xsigo indicated that it had tallied roughly 550 deployments since it began shipping its product some five years ago. It was generating revenue in the tens of millions of dollars, according to our understanding.

Further, the strategic drivers for each of the networking acquisitions are quite different. For VMware, the purchase of Nicira represents its grand plan to do to switches through virtualization what it has already done to servers through virtualization. For Oracle, there’s arguably a more focused goal for Xsigo, at least in the near term. My colleague John Abbott speculates that Xsigo’s technology is likely to be deployed as a means of providing a broader virtualized network fabric to surround Oracle’s Exa family of systems, boosting the number of available network and storage connections and making them more suitable for hosting cloud services. Look for our full report on Oracle’s acquisition of Xsigo in tonight’s Daily 451.