Category: IPO

One sale leads to another at Sophos?

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly

As leading indicators go, the recent decisions around Sophos paint a rather bearish picture for the current IPO market. The anti-malware vendor had briefly filed to go public back in late 2007 but then pulled the paperwork as the markets tumbled. We understand that Sophos had lined up banks earlier this year for another run at an IPO, but it ended up selling a majority chunk to buyout shop Apax Partners earlier this week. (Two of the three bookrunners on the most recent lineup were the same as the 2007 prospectus, according to a source.)

A dual-track process typically adds at least a few dollars to the price of a company, since it at least introduces the idea of another buyer (the public market). However, Sophos’ sale to Apax, in our view, comes at a discount to the valuation we would have penciled out for the company. The deal values Sophos at $830m, about 3.2 times trailing sales and 2.7 times projected revenue. Sophos’ stillborn IPO comes at time when other would-be debutants are having to cut terms or shelve their offerings altogether.

Yet somewhat paradoxically, we think the move by Apax actually makes an offering by the security company more likely, at least down the road. For starters, it replaces Sophos’ somewhat cumbersome ownership structure, which didn’t always share the same alignment, with a single owner to call the shots. (For instance, we heard there was a fair amount of dissention inside Sophos over its mid-2007 purchase of Utimaco, which stands as the largest acquisition of a public security company by a private one.)

Also, Apax probably got in at a low enough price that it could make a decent return by taking Sophos public in a year or two, provided the equity markets stay receptive. (We would argue that’s a much more likely exit than a flip to yet another buyout shop.) And finally, there are plenty of banks ready to (at long last) get Sophos on the market. Many of the underwriters have been working with Sophos for more than a half-decade, so it would be just a matter of updating numbers in what has to be a well-worn pitch book.

Sophos is a seller

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly

Former IPO hopeful Sophos will stay private (at least for the time being), but will have a new owner, the anti-malware company said. The new majority holder is Apax Partners, having picked up a 70% stake from both TA Associates, which had been a minority shareholder since 2002, and Sophos’ two founders. The purchase put an overall price tag of $830m on Sophos.

The sale comes after much speculation that Sophos, which had filed to go public in November 2007, was once again looking for an IPO. In fall 2009, British media reports indicated Sophos was planning an offering in 2010 that would have valued the company at about $1bn. Instead, Sophos is taking what we would consider a multiple at the low end of the range, even though the company’s size and recent growth rate might imply an above-market valuation.

Sophos indicated it recorded billings of $330m and revenue of $260m for its fiscal year, which ended March 31. On a trailing basis, that works out to just 2.5 times bookings and 3.2 times sales. Assuming Sophos continued growing at a 19% rate for the current fiscal year, it would have finished this year with about $310m in sales. That means Apax is valuing Sophos at just 2.7 times projected revenue.

Other security companies that have danced on and around the public stage have recently fetched much richer valuations, at least in one key measure. Encryption vendor PGP garnered four times trailing revenue in last week’s sale to Symantec. While PGP may or may not have been planning to go public, the most recent security IPO does trade at a notable premium to the valuation Sophos just got in its sale. Unified threat management vendor Fortinet currently commands a $1.25bn market capitalization, which works out to 4.9 times trailing sales.

Double-door exits

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly

When companies look for an exit, there is usually door number one (IPO) or door number two (trade sale). But in some rare cases, it’s not either/or, it’s both. That’s playing out in two very different ways around Symantec’s acquisition of encryption vendor PGP. The purchase by Big Yellow was the first of a doubleheader day in which it also picked up its OEM partner, GuardianEdge Technologies. (Incidentally, the PGP buy was Symantec’s largest acquisition since reaching across the Atlantic for on-demand vendor MessageLabs in October 2008.)

But back to exits. With the sale of PGP, we expect the next big liquidity event for an encryption vendor to be the IPO of SafeNet. We’ve heard recent talk of an offering for the company, which was taken private by Vector Capital in early 2007. Since its buyout, SafeNet has done a few deals of its own, including the contentious acquisition of Aladdin Knowledge Systems in August 2008. We understand that SafeNet is running at north of $400m in revenue.

The sale of PGP also means that investment firm DE Shaw has now recorded one of each potential exit over the past month. In late March, portfolio company Meru Networks went public, and now fetches a market valuation of about $250m. (The offering by Meru came after many other wireless LAN providers got snapped up.) DE Shaw also owned a chunk of PGP, meaning it will also get a payday from Symantec’s $300m purchase of the encryption vendor.

Palm’s down

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly

Just two weeks ago, we wrote that we thought Palm Inc would be a tough sell because the cash-burning smartphone pioneer seemed mired in irrelevance, both to consumers and developers. OK, so we were a bit off on that. The company apparently appeared relevant enough to Hewlett-Packard for the tech giant to hand over more than $1bn in cash for Palm.

While Palm’s board has backed the deal, it appears to be a bit of a tough sell to the company’s shareholders, who have bid Palm stock above the offer since it was announced. From their perspective, anyone who bought the stock over the past year – with the exception of a period from roughly mid-March to mid-April – is underwater, despite the 23% premium offered by HP. Palm shares changed hands at twice the level of HP’s bid for most of January.

But then, valuing Palm has always been tricky, going back to its fitful birth on the Nasdaq as a spin-off from 3Com. (As a side note, HP’s pending pickup of Palm would reunite the smartphone company with its former parent, as HP just closed its purchase of 3Com three weeks ago.) When the tiny stake of Palm hit the market in early 2000, investors were pushing each other out of the way to get their hands on Palm (if you will). The company finished its inaugural day on the Nasdaq at a valuation of some $50bn – roughly twice as much as Apple was worth at the time. Today, Apple fetches a market cap of $250bn, while Palm just sold for $1.4bn.

Tangoe lines up for IPO dance

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly

Back in January 2009, Tangoe made a small acquisition on its way to what we expected would be an IPO. Of course, neither the telecom expense management (TEM) vendor nor any other company was going to make it public in the first few months of last year. But with the recovery in the capital markets, Tangoe has indeed filed for its IPO, looking to raise $75m. The 10-year-old company plans to trade under the ticker ‘TNGO’ on the Nasdaq. We expect a fairly strong offering from Tangoe, which nearly doubled sales to $37.5m in 2008, and pushed that up another 49% to $56m last year despite the recession. See our full report on the company and the planned IPO.

Tangoe focuses on lifecycle management for fixed and mobile communications and more recently mobile device management. As a TEM provider, Tangoe has more than 350 companies using its expense management tools and services. The Orange, Connecticut-based vendor has pushed into the mobile communications space with the purchases of Traq Wireless in March 2007 and InterNoded in January 2009. Traq provided wireless expense management, helping Tangoe expand its lifecycle management for mobile as customers moved more of their communications off fixed lines. Offering deeper management and monitoring of these mobile devices, InterNoded gave Tangoe the ability to provision, secure and remotely wipe devices used by its customers.

Aftershocks on the tech M&A banking landscape

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly

In our report on the 2009 league table, we noted that Wall Street had been rocked by an earthquake in 2008 but that the smaller aftershocks were continuing to ripple across the tech banking landscape. Another one of those was felt Monday, when Thomas Weisel Partners agreed to sell itself to a rather old-line institution, Stifel Financial, for around $300m in stock. The deal, which is slated to close this quarter, would add TWP’s investment banking business, with its focus on tech, healthcare and alternative energy, to Stifel, which is known more for its transactions involving financial institutions and real estate.

In 2008, we counted 11 acquisitions of firms involved with tech M&A, including powerhouses such as Bear Stearns, Lehman Brothers and Merrill Lynch. The number of deals in 2009 dropped, as did the size of them. There were just five purchases of investment banks with tech practices last year, including the pickup of Cowen and Co by hedge fund Ramius Capital and Raymond James & Associates’ acquisition of Lane, Berry & Co.

As we look at the league table, we’re struck by the fact that Stifel is adding a pretty busy tech advisory shop by buying TWP. (If you would like a copy of our 2009 league table report, just email me.) Last year, TWP finished tied for 12th place (with Citigroup) in terms of the number of IT transactions that it worked on. On a pro forma basis, adding Stifel’s four deals to the 10 that TWP banked would put the combined entity at 14 IT transactions, tied for fifth place.

If anything, TWP has picked up its pace this year. It has already worked on five deals worth more than $1.2bn, including sole sell-side credit on the pending $755m sale of Phase Forward to Oracle. Additionally, it’s been arguably the most-active midmarket underwriter of tech IPOs. TWP is sole bookrunner for offerings from SciQuest as well as SPS Commerce, which was one of the few IPOs last week that actually finished above water. It is also co-lead on Tangoe, which filed earlier this month, and Convio, which is slated to price this week.

Is third time a charm for IntraLinks?

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly

Maybe the third time will be the charm for IntraLinks. The company, which is perhaps best known for its ‘virtual deal rooms,’ filed to go public late last week, the third time it has put in an S-1. It plans to raise $150m in the offering, which is being led by Morgan Stanley, Deutsche Bank Securities and Credit Suisse. IntraLinks had also been on file back in the Bubble Era, filing its IPO paperwork in mid-1999 only to pull it a year later, and again for a few months in late 2005.

To get a sense of just how much the company – and, by extension, Wall Street – has changed since the frothy time of the late 1990s, we went back and pulled IntraLinks’ original prospectus to compare it to the most-recent paperwork. It hardly seems like the same company.

In 1999, IntraLinks lost five times more money than it even brought in as revenue (a $21.3m net loss on just $4.1 in revenue for the year). The company even managed the highly impressive trick of running its business at a negative gross margin. The kicker on that upside-down business model is that it was actually pretty common back in the late 1990s. Plenty of companies running at even larger losses than IntraLinks made it public during that era.

Like a lot of us, IntraLinks seems positively grown up now compared to the time when companies were throwing equity around like it was funny money and stock prices only went up. It finished 2009 with $141m in revenue, meaning that it now generates more sales every two weeks than it did during the entire year that it first filed to go public. And while the vendor still hasn’t managed to hit profitability, it has narrowed its operating loss to just $3.4m last year. For the record, IntraLinks’ gross margin hit a respectable 65% in 2009, a sharp reversal from the Bubble Era, when it actually sank deeper into the red with every sale that it made.

Is QlikTech a billion-dollar baby?

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly

IPOs are not what they used to be. The companies looking to go public recently have had to scale back their expectations, cutting both the amount of money they hope to raise and what they expect to be worth as they start life as a public company. The implications of these slimmed-down debuts extend far beyond the IPO candidates themselves. Smaller offerings trim the fees available for underwriters, which rely on these hotly contested mandates to offset the cost of supporting research and trading for public companies. And perhaps more alarmingly, the lower IPO valuations make it difficult for venture capitalists and other investors to realize decent returns in what was once a fairly sure path to outsized performance.

At least that’s the situation for most IPO candidates. (For instance, we’re not knocking either Meru Networks, which went public last week, or Nexsan, which is slated to come out this week, but both are valued by the market at less than $300m.) However, there are exceptions. Just as a few companies were able to make it public in 2009, while most would-be debutants just had to ride out the recession as private businesses, there will be rich valuations doled out to IPO candidates, even during this time of discounts.

From our perspective, the next player that’s likely to enjoy a warm welcome on Wall Street is QlikTech. (At $100m, the offering itself is one of the largest enterprise software IPOs in some time.) In fact, if we pencil out the initial valuation for this fast-growing, profitable analytics provider, we come up with a number that’s in the neighborhood of $1bn. QlikTech may not hit that magical mark on its debut, but we suspect that it won’t fall too far below it. Look for our full report on the company and the offering, including our projected financials and valuation for QlikTech, in tonight’s Daily 451 sendout.

Nexsan: Next to go out

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly

Nearly two years after it first filed its IPO paperwork, storage vendor Nexsan appears set to hit the Nasdaq later this week. The company is planning to sell 4.8 million shares at $10-12 each. At the high end of the range, the offering would raise some $59m for Nexsan, which would start life as a public company with an initial valuation of about $200m. Thomas Weisel Partners is running the books for Nexsan, which will trade under the ticker NXSN.

The offering continues the trend of smaller IPOs and lower initial valuations that we recently noted. Back in April 2008, Nexsan planned to raise $81m in its offering. However, the actual proceeds will come in about one-quarter below its original expectation. Similarly, the valuation that we penciled out for Nexsan two years ago has proved a bit too rich.

Back in our initial report on the company, we figured that Nexsan would hit the market at a valuation of around $300m. Built into that projection, however, was the assumption that the storage vendor would be able to increase revenue at about a 20% clip. (That didn’t seem unreasonable back in 2008, considering Compellent Technologies – a similar storage startup that had recently gone public – increased revenue 78% that year.)

Instead, Nexsan actually shrank. In its fiscal year that ended June 30, 2009 – a period that basically covers the recent ‘Great Recession’ – overall sales slipped to $61m from $63m in the previous fiscal year. In the two quarters since then, Nexsan has started to grow again, although at a rather muted 6% pace. On the other hand, Nexsan did manage to move into profitability during the worst economic conditions that most US businesses have seen.

IronPlanet: heavy metal and high margins

Brenon Daly

Contact: Brenon Daly

We recently noted that for the IPO market, thin is in. The offering sizes for many of the would-be debutants have been trimmed, as have the initial valuations. But in one area, some of the companies that are looking to come to market are still very, very bloated: funding. Force10 Networks, which put in its IPO paperwork earlier this month, had hit up investors for more than $400m. Motricity, which filed back in January, also raised at least that much.

So it was refreshing to skim the recently filed prospectus from IronPlanet, an online marketplace for industrial machines. Certainly, brokering the sales of tractors and bulldozers isn’t the sexiest business. But there’s good money to be made, at least based on IronPlanet’s recent performance. The capital-efficient company has been profitable for the past four years. (And that’s GAAP profitability, not the ‘kinda, sorta’ profitability that most private companies talk about.) Although it has raised some $47m in venture backing, IronPlanet currently has $30m of cash and equivalents on its balance sheet – a number that’s growing.

The 10-year-old company has increased revenue more than 50% in each of the past two years, finishing 2009 with $54.7m in sales. (It sold nearly a half-billion dollars worth of heavy machinery on its network last year.) And IronPlanet isn’t just running its business for cash. It spends heavily on sales and marketing (44% of revenue in 2009) to increase its profile and has put some money behind its recent push to expand geographically.

Two years ago, IronPlanet started investing in business outside of North America. The international unit, which generates roughly 10% of total sales, currently burns cash, while the legacy North America unit hums along at about 20% EBITDA margins. (Overall gross margins stand at an enviable 78%.) In looking ahead to forecast Wall Street’s reception for this online marketplace, we might point out that eBay shares have tacked on 110% over the past year, twice the gain of the Nasdaq during the same period.